ALSA: usb-audio: Fix UAF decrement if card has no live interfaces in card.c

commit 5f8cf712582617d523120df67d392059eaf2fc4b upstream.

If a USB sound card reports 0 interfaces, an error condition is triggered
and the function usb_audio_probe errors out. In the error path, there was a
use-after-free vulnerability where the memory object of the card was first
freed, followed by a decrement of the number of active chips. Moving the
decrement above the atomic_dec fixes the UAF.

[ The original problem was introduced in 3.1 kernel, while it was
  developed in a different form.  The Fixes tag below indicates the
  original commit but it doesn't mean that the patch is applicable
  cleanly. -- tiwai ]

Fixes: 362e4e49ab ("ALSA: usb-audio - clear chip->probing on error exit")
Reported-by: Hui Peng <benquike@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Mathias Payer <mathias.payer@nebelwelt.net>
Signed-off-by: Hui Peng <benquike@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mathias Payer <mathias.payer@nebelwelt.net>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
[surenb@google.com: resolve 3.18 differences]
Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@google.com>
Change-Id: I54aecb9fe09beb178bc5d48f18ffa9ca13cf26e0
CVE-2018-19824

sound/usb/card.c

@@ -607,9 +607,12 @@ snd_usb_audio_probe(struct usb_device *dev,
 
  __error:
 	if (chip) {
+		/* chip->probing is inside the chip->card object,
+		 * reset before memory is possibly returned.
+		 */
+		chip->probing = 0;
 		if (!chip->num_interfaces)
 			snd_card_free(chip->card);
-		chip->probing = 0;
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
  __err_val: