cfq-iosched: enable full blkcg hierarchy support

With the previous two patches, all cfqg scheduling decisions are based
on vfraction and ready for hierarchy support.  The only thing which
keeps the behavior flat is cfqg_flat_parent() which makes vfraction
calculation consider all non-root cfqgs children of the root cfqg.

Replace it with cfqg_parent() which returns the real parent.  This
enables full blkcg hierarchy support for cfq-iosched.  For example,
consider the following hierarchy.

        root
      /      \
   A:500      B:250
  /     \
 AA:500  AB:1000

For simplicity, let's say all the leaf nodes have active tasks and are
on service tree.  For each leaf node, vfraction would be

 AA: (500  / 1500) * (500 / 750) =~ 0.2222
 AB: (1000 / 1500) * (500 / 750) =~ 0.4444
  B:                 (250 / 750) =~ 0.3333

and vdisktime will be distributed accordingly.  For more detail,
please refer to Documentation/block/cfq-iosched.txt.

v2: cfq-iosched.txt updated to describe group scheduling as suggested
    by Vivek.

v3: blkio-controller.txt updated.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
This commit is contained in:
Tejun Heo 2013-01-09 08:05:11 -08:00
parent 41cad6ab2c
commit d02f7aa8dc
3 changed files with 88 additions and 26 deletions

View file

@ -102,6 +102,64 @@ processing of request. Therefore, increasing the value can imporve the
performace although this can cause the latency of some I/O to increase due
to more number of requests.
CFQ Group scheduling
====================
CFQ supports blkio cgroup and has "blkio." prefixed files in each
blkio cgroup directory. It is weight-based and there are four knobs
for configuration - weight[_device] and leaf_weight[_device].
Internal cgroup nodes (the ones with children) can also have tasks in
them, so the former two configure how much proportion the cgroup as a
whole is entitled to at its parent's level while the latter two
configure how much proportion the tasks in the cgroup have compared to
its direct children.
Another way to think about it is assuming that each internal node has
an implicit leaf child node which hosts all the tasks whose weight is
configured by leaf_weight[_device]. Let's assume a blkio hierarchy
composed of five cgroups - root, A, B, AA and AB - with the following
weights where the names represent the hierarchy.
weight leaf_weight
root : 125 125
A : 500 750
B : 250 500
AA : 500 500
AB : 1000 500
root never has a parent making its weight is meaningless. For backward
compatibility, weight is always kept in sync with leaf_weight. B, AA
and AB have no child and thus its tasks have no children cgroup to
compete with. They always get 100% of what the cgroup won at the
parent level. Considering only the weights which matter, the hierarchy
looks like the following.
root
/ | \
A B leaf
500 250 125
/ | \
AA AB leaf
500 1000 750
If all cgroups have active IOs and competing with each other, disk
time will be distributed like the following.
Distribution below root. The total active weight at this level is
A:500 + B:250 + C:125 = 875.
root-leaf : 125 / 875 =~ 14%
A : 500 / 875 =~ 57%
B(-leaf) : 250 / 875 =~ 28%
A has children and further distributes its 57% among the children and
the implicit leaf node. The total active weight at this level is
AA:500 + AB:1000 + A-leaf:750 = 2250.
A-leaf : ( 750 / 2250) * A =~ 19%
AA(-leaf) : ( 500 / 2250) * A =~ 12%
AB(-leaf) : (1000 / 2250) * A =~ 25%
CFQ IOPS Mode for group scheduling
===================================
Basic CFQ design is to provide priority based time slices. Higher priority

View file

@ -94,13 +94,11 @@ Throttling/Upper Limit policy
Hierarchical Cgroups
====================
- Currently none of the IO control policy supports hierarchical groups. But
cgroup interface does allow creation of hierarchical cgroups and internally
IO policies treat them as flat hierarchy.
- Currently only CFQ supports hierarchical groups. For throttling,
cgroup interface does allow creation of hierarchical cgroups and
internally it treats them as flat hierarchy.
So this patch will allow creation of cgroup hierarchcy but at the backend
everything will be treated as flat. So if somebody created a hierarchy like
as follows.
If somebody created a hierarchy like as follows.
root
/ \
@ -108,16 +106,20 @@ Hierarchical Cgroups
|
test3
CFQ and throttling will practically treat all groups at same level.
CFQ will handle the hierarchy correctly but and throttling will
practically treat all groups at same level. For details on CFQ
hierarchy support, refer to Documentation/block/cfq-iosched.txt.
Throttling will treat the hierarchy as if it looks like the
following.
pivot
/ / \ \
root test1 test2 test3
Down the line we can implement hierarchical accounting/control support
and also introduce a new cgroup file "use_hierarchy" which will control
whether cgroup hierarchy is viewed as flat or hierarchical by the policy..
This is how memory controller also has implemented the things.
Nesting cgroups, while allowed, isn't officially supported and blkio
genereates warning when cgroups nest. Once throttling implements
hierarchy support, hierarchy will be supported and the warning will
be removed.
Various user visible config options
===================================
@ -172,6 +174,12 @@ Proportional weight policy files
dev weight
8:16 300
- blkio.leaf_weight[_device]
- Equivalents of blkio.weight[_device] for the purpose of
deciding how much weight tasks in the given cgroup has while
competing with the cgroup's child cgroups. For details,
please refer to Documentation/block/cfq-iosched.txt.
- blkio.time
- disk time allocated to cgroup per device in milliseconds. First
two fields specify the major and minor number of the device and
@ -279,6 +287,11 @@ Proportional weight policy files
and minor number of the device and third field specifies the number
of times a group was dequeued from a particular device.
- blkio.*_recursive
- Recursive version of various stats. These files show the
same information as their non-recursive counterparts but
include stats from all the descendant cgroups.
Throttling/Upper limit policy files
-----------------------------------
- blkio.throttle.read_bps_device

View file

@ -606,20 +606,11 @@ static inline struct cfq_group *blkg_to_cfqg(struct blkcg_gq *blkg)
return pd_to_cfqg(blkg_to_pd(blkg, &blkcg_policy_cfq));
}
/*
* Determine the parent cfqg for weight calculation. Currently, cfqg
* scheduling is flat and the root is the parent of everyone else.
*/
static inline struct cfq_group *cfqg_flat_parent(struct cfq_group *cfqg)
static inline struct cfq_group *cfqg_parent(struct cfq_group *cfqg)
{
struct blkcg_gq *blkg = cfqg_to_blkg(cfqg);
struct cfq_group *root;
struct blkcg_gq *pblkg = cfqg_to_blkg(cfqg)->parent;
while (blkg->parent)
blkg = blkg->parent;
root = blkg_to_cfqg(blkg);
return root != cfqg ? root : NULL;
return pblkg ? blkg_to_cfqg(pblkg) : NULL;
}
static inline void cfqg_get(struct cfq_group *cfqg)
@ -722,7 +713,7 @@ static void cfq_pd_reset_stats(struct blkcg_gq *blkg)
#else /* CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED */
static inline struct cfq_group *cfqg_flat_parent(struct cfq_group *cfqg) { return NULL; }
static inline struct cfq_group *cfqg_parent(struct cfq_group *cfqg) { return NULL; }
static inline void cfqg_get(struct cfq_group *cfqg) { }
static inline void cfqg_put(struct cfq_group *cfqg) { }
@ -1290,7 +1281,7 @@ cfq_group_service_tree_add(struct cfq_rb_root *st, struct cfq_group *cfqg)
* stops once an already activated node is met. vfraction
* calculation should always continue to the root.
*/
while ((parent = cfqg_flat_parent(pos))) {
while ((parent = cfqg_parent(pos))) {
if (propagate) {
propagate = !parent->nr_active++;
parent->children_weight += pos->weight;
@ -1341,7 +1332,7 @@ cfq_group_service_tree_del(struct cfq_rb_root *st, struct cfq_group *cfqg)
pos->children_weight -= pos->leaf_weight;
while (propagate) {
struct cfq_group *parent = cfqg_flat_parent(pos);
struct cfq_group *parent = cfqg_parent(pos);
/* @pos has 0 nr_active at this point */
WARN_ON_ONCE(pos->children_weight);